Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Female Reproductive Tract Organ-on-Chips: Modeling Barrier Function and Drug Transport

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18030280

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative schematic of reproductive organ-on-chip (OoC) models representing key barriers of the female reproductive tract. Representative OoC platforms recapitulate the structural and functional complexity of FRT barriers through microfluidic co-culture systems. The vagina-on-chip ( a ) comprises apical vaginal epithelial and basal stromal fibroblast layers, supporting Lactobacillus -dominated microbiota and hormone-responsive barrier formation. The cervix-on-chip ( b ) features apical cervical epithelial and basal fibroblast layers, with functional mucus secretion that mimics native cervical gel-like mucus and provides microbial barrier function. The endometrium-on-chip ( c ) integrates endothelial, epithelial, and stromal layers that recapitulate hormone-dependent permeability changes. The placenta-on-chip ( d ) consists of trophoblast and endothelial layers perfused through separate maternal and fetal microchannels, enabling investigation of nutrient, small molecule, nanoparticle (NP), and biologic (e.g., IgG) transport across the maternal–fetal barrier.

Article Snippet: Devices are commonly fabricated using PDMS-based microfluidic platforms produced by soft lithography [ ], or commercially available multi-channel systems such as OrganoPlate ® [ ] and AngioPlateTM384 [ ] employed to improve throughput and standardization.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Permeability

Journal: Molecular Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Liver-on-a-Chip (LoC) Models: Case Studies of Academic Platforms and Commercial Products

doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01122

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Comparison between in vitro conventional culture methods and those with Exoliver design: (i) HCs monoculture in Petri dish. (ii) Coculture (HCs and LSECs) in transwell. (iii) Dynamic coculture system within Exoliver, stimulated with continuous and homogeneous shear stress (optimal condition). (iv) Static coculture within Exoliver without shear stress, leading to LSEC dysfunction and (v) Dynamic monoculture system, reprinted from ref and licensed under CC BY Copyright 2018 Wiley. b) Diagram of a 3D sinusoidal LoC model. (i) microfluidic PDMS chip PDMS with collagen-I coated polyester membrane. (ii) 3D assembly of four types of cells: LSECs, KCs, HSCs, and HCs. (iii) Photographic image of the chip, reprinted from ref with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry. c) Other sinusoid-like LoC platforms comprising (i) single-channel and dual-channel microfluidic configurations; and (ii) a bioreactor circuit for continuous media perfusion and waste collection, reprinted from ref . Copyright 2015 Wiley.

Article Snippet: MIMETAS microfluidic platforms, known as OrganoPlate family, were designed specifically for 3D tissue cultivation, which involves embedding cells in a gel matrix to mimic the operation of human organs.

Techniques: Comparison, In Vitro, Shear, Membrane

Journal: Molecular Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Liver-on-a-Chip (LoC) Models: Case Studies of Academic Platforms and Commercial Products

doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01122

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Conceptualization and development of a microfluidic multilobule LLC device, adapted with permission from ref . Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society. b) TVLOC system. Schematic depiction of (i) fully assembled TVLOC. (ii) various components of the TVLOC. (iii) Physical image of the assembled TVLOC. (iv) process involved in the formation of vascularized liver tissue within the culture area, reprinted from ref and licensed under CC BY 4.0. Copyright 2022 Frontiers.

Article Snippet: MIMETAS microfluidic platforms, known as OrganoPlate family, were designed specifically for 3D tissue cultivation, which involves embedding cells in a gel matrix to mimic the operation of human organs.

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Liver-on-a-Chip (LoC) Models: Case Studies of Academic Platforms and Commercial Products

doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01122

Figure Lengend Snippet: Conceptualization and development of different hepatic lobule chips. a) Fabrication process using high-definition (HD) laser patterning, reprinted from ref and licensed under CC BY 4.0. Copyright 2025 Elsevier. b) Cell-patterning using DEP concept: (i) HCs put into the microfluidic chamber randomly and (ii) organized in a hexagonal arrangement via 1st DEP. (iii) ECs integrated between patterned HCs using 2nd DEP. Images of (iv) the chip and (v) the patterned cells (red-labeled cells: HepG2), reproduced from ref with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry. c) Construction of anotherLLC. (i) The manufacturing methods used; an enlarged depiction of the LLC; and the simulated flow patterns inside the LC. (ii) Full view of the hepatic microtissue with cord-like and sinusoid-like structures on day 4 (HepaRG cells and HHSECs were, respectively prestained with DiO (green) and DiI (red) cell dyes). (iii) On-chip construction of NAFLD model: The distribution of lipids was assessed subsequent to incubation with a lipogenic media for durations through Nile Red intensity, reprinted from ref . Copyright 2021 Elsevier. d) Establishment of LLC using a bundling-up assembly technique: (i) Process of assembling cell-laden hydrogel microfibers and procedure of fabricating vascular network-like structures. (ii) Perfusion cultivation. (iii) Image of hydrogel bundle. (iv) Microfibers containing liver cells, adapted from ref . Copyright 2018 Elsevier.

Article Snippet: MIMETAS microfluidic platforms, known as OrganoPlate family, were designed specifically for 3D tissue cultivation, which involves embedding cells in a gel matrix to mimic the operation of human organs.

Techniques: Labeling, Incubation